我们最喜欢的宠物是这世界上最神奇的动物之一 Our favourite pets are among the most amazing animals on Earth.
翻译：C大
它们已经成为我们家庭的一员和我们最好的伴侣 They've taken to a domestic life and become our perfect companions.
但他们依旧保留着它们的天性 But still their wild senses remain intact.
助译：韩欧巴 Owen
它们也许被驯服了几千年... They may have been tamed for thousands of years...
精校：C大
时间轴：Red Bee Media MVGroup
...但他们的野性却存在了上百万年 ..but they were wild animals for millions more.
特效：C大
一些是聪明、优秀的捕食者 Some were smart and supreme predators.
@CharlesYF 译制
另一些则是捕食者的猎物 Others were alert and fleet-footed prey.
不论它们原来是什么，它们依旧隐藏着惊人的实力 Whatever their origins, they still have astonishing hidden powers.
它们的感官和交流方式与我们截然不同 They use senses different from our own
我们无法永远也无法想象这其中的神奇之处 and communicate in ways we could never imagine.
仔细地观察观察... Take a closer look...
那些离狂野自然只有一翅之遥的生物们 and discover the true animal sharing your home.
去探索它们的本真 A creature just a wing-beat from the wild.
宠物 内心狂野
野性的感官是宠物与生俱来的能力 All our pets possess an array of wild senses,
这只仓鼠就在用这种能力执行一项秘密行动 and this hamster is about to use his on a secret mission.
但他在天黑之前能做的只有等待 He has waited until the dead of night,
直到所有人都已入睡 while the rest of the household is sleeping.
虽然他不是天生的攀岩家 但本能驱使他学会了攀爬 Although not exactly the best of climbers, instinct drives him on.
宠物的感官
在黑暗里他的视觉能发挥到极致 To avoid predators, he travels by night,
这能帮助他更好的躲避捕食者 a time when his eyesight comes into its own.
他也可以利用他那神奇的胡须来建立一个3D全景图 But he also uses his impressive whiskers to build up a 3D picture.
他的听觉比人类更加敏锐 He uses sounds pitched above our hearing,
超神的嗅觉也能捕捉到更多的气息 and his supersensitive nose analyses every smell.
他把这些信息综合起来 合成了一张感官地图 He uses this information to create a sensory map that in the wild
这能引导他在野外穿越死寂的沙漠 would guide him across miles of featureless desert.
但是他的导航系统可不仅仅只有这些 But his navigational equipment doesn't stop there.
不论他去哪里 他腹部腺体散发出来的气味 Wherever he goes, glands on his belly lay down a scent that
就像一条纸带一样 能引导他原路返回 acts like a paper trail, allowing him to retrace his steps back home.
对于穴居动物来说 巢穴意味着一切 For a burrowing creature, holes are irresistible.
在球球里 他也能够自如地掌控方向 In a hamster ball, he's astute enough to control direction.
尽管对于仓鼠来说 Although some aspects of our modern world are too challenging
现代房屋结构意味着更大的挑战 even for this hamster.
但他惊人的感官系统能自如的解决一切难题 But his incredible senses can also get him out of trouble.
他会利用人类无法听到的超声波 Using high-pitched calls that we can't hear,
分析回声的衰减来精确定位距离 he detects the drop by the sound of the returning echoes.
为了躲避杀身之祸 他的行踪还是得保持隐秘- Disaster averted, he continues his secret mission -
他必须在破晓前回到他温暖的小窝 one he must complete before daybreak!
对于狗狗来说 出门到处走走也能够激发出他们的野性感官 For dogs, too, getting out and about excites their wild senses -
对于一只如此聪明的动物来说 没有什么比兜风更棒的了 and for such intelligent animals, you can't beat a road trip.
当我们流连于缭乱的地标时 While we are obsessed with visual landmarks,
狗狗们只在乎他们周围的气味 they focus only on scents.
我们人类仅有600万个嗅觉感受器 We have a measly six million smell receptors,
但狗狗却拥有3亿多个 but a dog's nose contains 300 million.
他们用这庞大的嗅觉系统构建起了他们所认为的世界 They use it to unravel stories about the world around them -
当然 他们的世界里基本只有食物（汪星人都是吃货无疑ㄟ(▔，▔)ㄏ） predictably, most are about food.
狗狗们比我们投入了40多倍的时间 40 times more of their brain than ours is devoted
来破译气味的密码 to deciphering smells.
他们专注于分析那些对他们有特殊意义的气味 They home in on those with special significance -
比如血液中的一种化学物质—乙醛 a single chemical, aldehyde, found in blood,
就能让这昔日的猎手垂涎欲滴 makes this one-time hunter drool.
有一种方法能为我们呈现出气味的世界 There is a way to bring this smelly world to life.
摄影师尝试着通过光影的变化 捕捉到携带着气味的气流 Schlieren photography visualises the air currents that carry odours
为我们展现出狗鼻子的非凡能力 and shows the remarkable workings of a dog's nose.
狗从鼻翼侧面的小缝中呼吸空气 Dogs breathe out through the side slits in their nostrils.
这样可以使排除的空气旋转起来 能帮助狗狗吸入更多的味道 As the expelled air rotates, it helps draw more scent into the nose.
这种双通道的呼吸方式几乎可以帮助狗狗驾驭所有的信息 This two-way current helps a dog gather scent almost continuously.
但这还没完 But that's not all...
公狗能从母狗的无数行为中 A male can smell a female on heat
捕捉到发情的信号 at concentrations of one part in a trillion.
舔一舔鼻子能让公狗更好地感受到诱惑的气息 Licking helps capture more of her alluring scent.
舌头作为第二嗅觉感受器官连接着大脑 His tongue takes the odour to a second smell organ in the mouth,
直接刺激大脑产生性激素 hardwired to the brain and tuned to these sexual pheromones.
爱情也许就是这么萌芽的 It's love at first sniff.
但对于狗狗来说 乘车比野外的任何经历都更挑战耐心 For dogs, being a passenger rivals any wild experience.
没有主动权让狗狗总是开心不起来 But it can be tinged with disappointment too.
巴黎的街头也许到处弥漫着爱的气息 The streets of Paris may be full of romantic promise...
但是这些萌萌哒小生物却很少能和自己的真爱在一起 ..but pet dogs are seldom in control of their destiny.
即使到处都是爱的气息 但似乎与狗狗无关 （导演你出来，怎么感觉这一段是在虐单身狗ヽ(‘⌒´メ)ノ） Love may be in the air, but it's so rarely fulfilled.
喵星人对于气味则显得更加随心所欲 Cats are much more free to follow their noses,
他们每个小时都会去探索 and they've been shown to investigate
上百种环绕着他们的气味 several hundred odours each hour.
有些气味能让他们就像磕了药一样 And smells can sometimes take them to a drug-fuelled gathering.
一丁点儿的猫薄荷就能被他们察觉到 He can detect the scent from catnip in just one part in a billion.
只要吸一小口这种植物散发出来的气体 Just a few bites of this mind-altering plant
他就会完完全全臣服于这诱惑的魔力之下 and he falls under its alluring spell.
这种植物具有的挥发性精油可以模拟性激素 Its volatile oils imitate a sexual hormone
让猫的大脑产生强烈的反应 and cause a potent reaction in its brain.
十有八九的成年猫都经受不住这种诱惑 Eight out of ten adult cats find it totally seductive,
而且对于这种精油的奇怪反应还是可遗传的 and the strange response is inherited.
每一种大型猫科动物 比方说豹和老虎 Even big cats, such as leopards and tigers,
也都会有相同的表现 react in the same intoxicated way.
可对于喵星人来说 猫薄荷其实只是一种提神糖果 For cats, catnip may be a recreational drug,
对他们的身体完全没有毒害 but it's totally harmless...
尽管他们每次看起来都那么醉心... ..although there are always some who overindulge!
但喵星人不会总是这么和睦友爱 It's not all peace and love.
这种独居动物不怎么喜欢和别的喵一起分享这迷人的香气 Cats are solitary by nature and don't like sharing.
大约10分钟后 猫薄荷的效果差不多就消退了 After about ten minutes, the cats come back down to earth.
猫的鼻子其实并不是他们最基础的感官工具 But a cat's nose is not its primary sensory tool -
他们的眼睛对于高速移动的猎物就显得格外敏锐 its eyes are highly tuned to fast-moving prey.
这些鱼就看起来这么诱人 Fish are especially mesmerising -
看得着抓不着能把喵急得炸毛 especially those tantalisingly out of reach.
金鱼也有一些惊人的能力 Goldfish have their own extraordinary abilities.
1000年前他们出现在中国 They appeared in China over 1,000 years ago,
然后被挑选出来与野生的银鲤杂交 having been selectively bred from wild silver carp.
大约250年前龙眼金鱼出现了 Around 250 years ago, the stargazer appeared.
传说他们拥有这样的眼睛 Legend has it that they were created so that their eyes would
是为了瞻仰上帝 永远沐浴在造物主的光辉之下 always be directed in wonder towards the glorious emperor.
实验表明 金鱼能够辨认出自己的主人 Experiments revealed that goldfish recognise their owners.
因为他们有着极好的记忆力—5个月甚至更久 （是谁说鱼只有7秒的记忆的？！） They have surprisingly good memories too - five months or more.
他们那可伸缩的下巴让他们能够更好的吸取食物 Their extendable jaw helps suck up food.
可食用的部分在嘴后部细小的牙齿的研磨后吞咽下去 The edible bits are ground up on tiny teeth at the back of the mouth,
其余的部分都重新吐了出来 while the rest is spat out.
龙眼金鱼鼓出的眼睛很容易破裂 The stargazer's protruding eyes are easily damaged,
因此也只有他们这种专家才能很好的驾驭这种眼睛 so they should only be kept by specialists.
因为金鱼的眼睛有着很强的再生能力 But goldfish have astonishing powers of regeneration,
所以他们受伤的眼睛很快就能够恢复痊愈 and an injured eye can re-grow.
金鱼的眼睛能看到我们无法看到的 Goldfish see "far-red" - a colour we can't see
遍布整个鱼缸的红外线 that penetrates murky pond water.
但他们的感官工具远不止这些 But it's not their only sensory tool - a row of sensors,
他们有一排侧线 上面布满的感受器能让他们感受到水的流动 known as the lateral line, pick up water movements.
这种侧线只是一张薄膜 The filming technique that visualised airflow
但能模拟出金鱼游过的漩涡 shows the eddies created by a swimming goldfish.
这种微小的流动能被其他金鱼感受到 These mini-currents are picked up by the lateral line of other fish
这使金鱼们即使数量再庞大也永远都不会撞到彼此 and this helps them swim as a coordinated shoal.
这种技能也被用来侦察捕食者 一个触摸就能传递震动 It detects predators too - a touch sends a warning shockwave.
而且金鱼甚至利用这种水波来调情 Goldfish even use ripples to flirt!
「小样别得意 总有一天我会把你抓出来的」 CAT MEOWS
就像金鱼能侦察到水流一样 Just as our pet fish can detect water currents,
鸟儿也能够察觉到空气的流动 our favourite pet birds can sense the movements of air.
虎皮鹦鹉通过调整控制飞行姿态 A budgerigar responds to surrounding air currents by adjusting
来回应周围空气的流动 and controlling her flight.
羽毛上的神经末梢持续不断地 Nerve endings at the base of her feathers continually feed back
把鸟儿所需要的信息传递回来 the information she needs.
用这种方法来躲避较强的气流... In this way, she detects and avoids turbulent air...
...或是一些危险的的气流 ..and seeks out rising currents.
通过感知空气流动 他的飞行变得更有效率 By sensing the air, she maintains flight efficiency.
虎皮鹦鹉还有另一项技能 And budgies have yet another sensory secret...
在他们的求爱期 颜值就意味着一切 In their courtship, good looks are everything.
飞行过后 她总是只专注于梳理羽毛 But after her flight, she's too occupied in preening to care.
但她的追随者有他们自己的办法来得到关注 But her admirer has ways to get himself noticed...
虎皮鹦鹉对于颜色比我们敏锐得多 She sees more subtleties of colour than we can,
它们能看见我们人类看不到的紫外线 and she detects ultraviolet too - a colour invisible to us.
在紫外线下 他的羽毛变得不同寻常 Under UV, his plumage takes on a very different look.
他头冠和两腮部的黄色能吸收紫外线 The yellow pigments in his crown and cheeks absorb UV,
这特技当然是相当赞的 and the effect is stunning.
但除非能吸引雌鸟看自己一眼 不然这也只是徒劳而已 But unless she looks, it's all in vain.
「嘿 美女 看这儿啊」 HE CHIRPS
他把他的羽毛都抖松了以便展示出他真实的颜色 He fluffs up his feathers to show off his true colours,
但她依旧毫不动心 but she still gives him the cold shoulder.
貌似所有的爱情都是从眉来眼去开始的吧 It seems every relationship needs a nudge sometimes.
现在她开始注意他了！ Now he has her attention!
雌鸟更喜欢这最真实的光彩- Females prefer males that really shine -
他吸收的紫外线越多 就会显得越强壮 the more his plumage absorbs UV, the fitter and healthier he is.
她被打动了 邀请他为自己梳理羽毛 She's impressed, and invites him to preen.
虎皮鹦鹉就像其他动物的感官世界一样 - The budgie's sensory world continues under our radar -
都会被我们一直关注下去 as it does with so many of our pets.
游荡的仓鼠完完全全是一个隐秘的探索者 The wandering hamster is completing his secret quest.
它花了大半个夜晚的时间 It's taken half the night,
但他终究发现了宝藏 but he's found exactly what he was looking for!
他会把自己的嘴塞的不能再塞 He stuffs his cheeks with as much as he can carry.
很显然他能塞下不少 And he can carry a lot!
但他将面临另一大挑战 But there's still one remaining challenge -
把东西运回家 to get back to his nest.
那将是一个极大的成就 It's no mean feat.
他凭借着先前留下的气味轨迹 By using the mental map he created on his outward journey,
建立起一张感官地图 he sets off in the right direction,
径直往家中赶去 and soon picks up the scent trail he previously laid.
它追随着自己的气味 回到了笼子里 It's then a matter of following his nose to his cage.
对于仓鼠来说 没有任何地方能比得上家的 Wherever a hamster lives, there's no place like home.
当然 像所有的屋子一样 总需要装修装修 And, like all homes, there is always room for improvement.
他的喉囊能保持塞入的纸团的干燥 His pouches are designed to keep their contents bone dry -
这使它的新睡垫和原来一样新鲜 his new bedding is as fresh as when gathered.
正是因为他的野生技巧 这脱逃大师 Soon, thanks to his wild senses, this escapologist will be
在主人完全不知情的情况下为自己换上了新的柔软睡垫 tucked up in his newly-made bed with his owner none the wiser.
仓鼠可以不被察觉的干自己想干的事 Hamsters can go about their business unnoticed,
但许多其他的宠物更喜欢一些实际一点的方法 but some pets demand a more hands-on approach.
人和马的关系永远都是独特的 Anyone who owns a horse is in a unique relationship.
信号和感官是马在野外最常用的工具 At its heart are the signals and senses a horse uses in the wild.
当这个小女孩在帮她的小马驹刷洗的时候 When a child grooms her pony, she unconsciously gives a message
无意之间给出了一个所有马都明白的信号 all horses understand.
来回移动的刷子就像别的马的牙齿 The moving brush mimics the teeth of another horse,
这是一种友谊的象征 and it's a sign of friendship.
马只会在亲属或是密友之间才会像这样蹭来蹭去 Horses only groom close relatives or their very best friends.
轻咬脖子后部可以降低心率 Nibbling the base of the neck lowers the heart rate,
能让他们平静下来 and has a calming effect.
友谊使马群变得融洽 但这也需要时间去维护 Friendships create harmony in a herd, but take time to maintain,
所以他们很少有超过三个的挚友 so horses rarely have more than three lifelong friends.
要想成功的成为一匹马的人类朋友 To become a successful human friend
就要与马的野性步调保持一致 requires being in tune with a horse's wild ways.
当一匹母马临盆的时候 When a mare's about to give birth,
她知道她的主人会把她与马群分开 her knowing owner often separates her from the herd -
作为被捕食者 此时的她毫无安全感 as a prey animal, she feels vulnerable at this time.
她会一直等到周围空无一人 She waits until there is no-one around,
就像在野外没有捕食者一样 just as wild horses wait until there are no predators.
她准备要分娩了 She then prepares the ground for the birth.
这是母马最危险的时候—小马驹出生的时候已经成型 It's a dangerous time for the mare - foals are born fully formed
所以很难顺利产出 and can be difficult to deliver.
但她似乎很顺利 In the end, it happens quickly.
在这宝贵的一刻 她记住了他的气味 In these first precious moments, she learns his smell
建立了一种牢固的联系 and creates a lasting bond.
她知道必须让他马上学会站立 - She knows he must get to his feet as quickly as possible -
捕食者很有可能埋伏在附近 wild predators could be lurking.
他必须在几分钟内学会迈出第一步 He has to take his first steps within minutes,
几个小时后 他就会自如的散步了 and become fully mobile over the next few hours.
「加油~你很棒！」 SHE GRUNTS
他甚至尝试着小跑 - 这是他的基本生存技能 He even tries to run - a vital survival skill.
当他在吃奶的时候 他就会和母亲独特的气味之间形成纽带 As he suckles, he bonds to his mother's distinctive scent.
很快 他开始神往起外面的世界 - Soon, the world outside beckons -
他已经准备好测试他那纤细的小腿了 he's ready to test out those fragile legs.
当他的自信心建立起来的时候 As his confidence grows,
他就开始练习对付臆想出来的捕食者 he practises kicking imaginary predators.
小马驹必须尽快学会马的社交规则 - Young foals must quickly learn the rules governing horse society -
就连打滚也是一种礼仪 even rolling has its own etiquette.
小马驹们得跟着他们的母亲一起打滚 Foals must roll after their mother.
他们甚至有对付苍蝇的规则 - There are even rules on dealing with flies -
一个夏日里的恼人问题 an annoying problem through the summer months.
为了应付这难题 马都装备上了“苍蝇掸子” To fight the plague, horses are equipped with fly-whisks,
但这通常都是在帮助别的马 比方说这只小马驹 but they are most useful for helping others, such as her foal.
当小马驹对这些苍蝇不以为然的时候 So the mothers are driven to distraction
他的母亲只好费心帮他驱赶 while their foals are kept relatively fly-free.
小马驹必须明白首尾相对的站立是马群的一大准则 The foals must learn that it's horse manners to stand end to end.
虽然他还没长出完美的“苍蝇掸子” He might not have grown the perfect fly-whisk yet,
但它至少还有点效果 but at least he's making the effort.
学会感同身受对于交朋友相当重要 - Learning to empathise is important for making friends -
这是种群的基本法则 a vital skill for herd life.
马已经和人类共处了10000多年 Horses have been human companions for 10,000 years,
但他并不是唯一的 but they're not the only herd animal
被长久驯化的动物 with a long history of domestication.
在美国南部的安第斯山脉 The high Andes of South America.
豚鼠叫 GUINEA PIG SQUEAKS
豚鼠一直用这一种一成不变的合唱 Here, guinea pigs still greet their owners
与他们的主人打招呼 with a chorus of anticipation -
这是一个7000多年前就养成的习惯 a ritual that goes back 7,000 years.
它们是所有宠物中最会卖弄歌喉的 They are the most vocal of all our pets,
当食物出现时 他们就更控住不住自己 and when food's on its way, they can hardly contain themselves.
其实我不是很懂这个popcorning怎么翻比较靠谱（爆米花跳？）
他们会兴奋的原地跳跃 - 这是一种被称为“popcorning”的习惯 They also pogo with excitement - a habit known as "popcorning".
虽然在一些特殊的场合人们会食用豚鼠 Although guinea pigs are eaten on special occasions,
但他们依旧是受人喜爱的小宠物 they're valued like pets,
他们萌萌哒外表让人见了瞬间治愈啊 and are even credited with magical healing powers.
他们从天竺鼠进化而来 They came from a wild animal known as a cavy,
就和他们的远亲一样 and organise themselves into small herds,
逐渐演变成一个小种群 just like their wild relatives.
一只雄豚鼠会拥有一大群妻妾 A harem of several females is watched over by a dominant male.
每一次的叫声都有各自的意味 Every chattering call has meaning.
咕噜咕噜的声音说明他们很快乐 - This bubbling means they're enjoying themselves -
基本上就在吃的时候会发出这种声音（吃货无疑） it's most often made while eating.
但是当他们发怒的时候 他们会让所有人都知道 But, when they're cross, they let everyone know.
他们会发出警告 They make warning calls too.
雄豚鼠会发出咕噜的声音来诱惑求爱的雌豚鼠 And the male purrs seductively when wooing a female.
但是豚鼠受孕实在容易 所以大多数雌豚鼠都怀有身孕 But guinea pigs breed so readily, most are already pregnant,
因此也就没这么容易臣服于这雄豚鼠的魅力之下 and don't easily fall for his charms.
如果她对雄豚鼠不来电 If she's not in a romantic mood,
她就会伺机逃走 she'll gladly give him the run-around.
也许是他们太过健谈 Perhaps because they're so chatty,
豚鼠深受世界人民的喜爱 guinea pigs are now popular the world over.
但把雌豚鼠和雄豚鼠关在一起...擦枪走火就不可避免了 But, keep a male and female together and the inevitable happens.
她的孩子已经基本发育完全 Her young are born fully developed,
生下这么大的小豚鼠会是一个挑战 and giving birth to such large babies can be a challenge.
准爸爸在一边静候宝宝出世 - 这在啮齿动物界很不常见 The male attends the birth - an unusual habit for rodents.
这一刻很少有相机能够记录下来 This moment has rarely been filmed
豚鼠爸爸这么用心也实属难得 and such paternal interest is quite a revelation.
羊膜腔包裹着她的孩子出生了 Her baby is born in an amniotic sac,
豚鼠妈妈会咬破羊膜腔让宝宝呼吸到新鲜空气 which his mother bites through to allow him to breathe freely.
很快 三个年轻的小家伙闪亮登场 Soon, three young make an appearance,
他们所有感官都开始工作 为了躲避天敌做好了十足的准备 all with fully functional senses, and ready to run from predators.
在野外 熊孩子总是容易走失 In the wild, such active youngsters could easily get lost.
但是这个新爸爸关怀入微 But this new father has a caring side.
他找回了走失的孩子 把他们送回了母亲的怀抱 He looks for any that have strayed and sends them back to their mother.
但雄豚鼠会静候宝宝出世也许有其他的原因 But there's another reason the male attends the birth.
豚鼠几乎可以瞬间怀孕（什么鬼...） Guinea pigs can become pregnant almost immediately,
再加上他完美的体位 使受孕变得更具可能（我快翻不下去了...） and he's perfectly positioned to make the most of the opportunity.
母亲的气味 声音还有关怀 A mother's smell, sounds and nurturing
可以给小豚鼠安全感和让他们变得更有教养 give her young a sense of security and show them how to behave.
唔..让我们想想 如果没有母亲会怎么样？ So, what happens if your mum doesn't want you?
这只可怜的小家伙在出生的时候就被他的妈妈遗弃 This puppy was rejected by his mother at birth,
但他最终十分幸运的被一只猫收养 but he's had the good fortune to be adopted by a cat.
她的母爱泛滥使她愿意认狗为子 Her mothering hormones are so strong she accepts him as her own.
这只小狗和她的孩子在同一天出生 The puppy was born on the same day
他也很高兴能被他的新家庭所接受 and he happily adapts to his new family.
但是喵星人有着完全不一样的生活习惯 甚至是哺乳方面 But kittens live by different social rules, even when they suckle.
母亲的每个乳头都有各自不同的气味 They nametag teats with their own individual scent,
每只小猫都只吃各自专属的奶水 and return to it each time.
这简单的规则使每次哺乳都能保持安静和谐 This simple rule maintains peace and harmony during feeding time.
但对于小狗来说 群居生活就意味着要通过争抢 But for dogs, pack life requires fighting for your share
来获得填饱肚子的权利 in the rough and tumble of competing mouths.
小狗完完全全的破坏了喵星人的社会公约 This puppy breaks all of the cats' social conventions.
他在一个不同寻常的家庭中 His wild instincts express themselves,
完完全全的表现出了他的野生本能 despite his unusual family.
「嘿 新来的 懂点规矩 别抢啊」 KITTENS MEOW
最终 这只小狗的求生欲和他养母的母性情结 Ultimately, the puppy's needs and his foster mum's nurturing feelings
克服了这些困难 overcome any differences...
暂时吧... for now.
但成年后 这些捕食者会有完全不同的生活 But as adults, these top predators will differ in almost every detail.
猫会利用一种精妙的方法来喝水 When a cat drinks, he uses a refined technique.
他把手头的前端紧绷 The rough upper side of his tongue curls downwards
然后把水卷起来 to pick up the liquid using surface tension.
这样就能把牛奶 It pulls the column of milk up into his mouth
不费吹灰之力地送入口中 without making any mess at all.
一个独立猎手有大把时间悠闲的喝水 - A solitary hunter can afford to take his time -
而对于群居动物来说却截然不同 it's a different matter when you hunt as a pack.
狗狗虽然也会把舌头卷成柱状 A dog also pulls a column into his mouth,
但不同的是 狗狗的舌头更像勺子 but, unlike cats, he shapes his tongue into a ladle
这样能喝到更多的牛奶 to slosh more liquid in.
对于群居动物来说 For pack animals,
能够抢到水喝远比个人卫生重要得多 beating your rivals to a drink is more important than cleanliness.
X光为我们展示了狗狗的舌头用了5倍的重力 X-ray shows how the milk is thrown backwards
把牛奶送入口后 at five times the force of gravity,
这时狗狗就会闭上自己的嘴以防漏出 and his mouth shuts like a trap as it is swallowed.
这也许有效 It might be effective,
但明显比喵星人邋遢的多 but it's far messier than the cat.
这两个捕食者几乎没有任何的相似之处 The two predators could hardly be less alike,
但他们一起长大 还是能够找到一些共同语言 but those brought up together still find ways to communicate.
就像对其他的猫一样 This cat scent-marks his canine pal by rubbing him,
喵星人会在狗狗朋友身上蹭来蹭去以标记上气味 just as he would another cat.
但是喵星人相对更独立 But cats choose their moments of affection,
他们只会在自己想的时候才表达出对你的喜爱 and independence soon shows itself.
猫是唯一独立捕猎的宠物 Cats are the only pet that hunts independently,
而且他们为此做好了充分的准备 and he's well equipped for the part.
老鼠发出的声音我们人类听不见 但是逃不过猫的耳朵 Rat sounds are above our hearing, but well within the cat's range.
他出色的夜视能力为他在黑暗中划出一道亮光 And his superb night vision pierces the gloom.
他爪子上的感官绒毛试探着每一步 确保不会发出任何声音 Sensory hairs on his paws test each step, so as not to make a sound.
而那炯炯的目光未离开猎物半刻 His gaze never leaves his prey.
就跟他们的野生远亲一样 Just like their wild counterparts,
家猫也会偷偷地靠近猎物伺机行动 housecats stalk as close as they can.
他停了下来 He freezes.
任何的风吹草动都会触发一场生死追逐 Any movement will trigger the attack.
必须有人来打破这场僵局 Something has to give.
但我们的喵星人竟然被耗子反咬一口！ But this rat bites back!
「嗷呜 小兔崽子敢咬我 看我不逮到你」 CAT SCREECHES
尽管有着超神的感官 但即使是野猫 十有八九也会失手 Despite formidable senses, even wild cats miss four times out of five.
狗狗很少出猎 但他们的感官依旧锐利 Dogs rarely get to hunt, but their senses are still razor sharp.
他们会把天赋与智慧完美地结合起来 And they combine natural skills with intelligence.
一只饱餐后的狗狗 就像他们在野外一样 A well-fed dog looks for somewhere to bury a bone,
会找地方把多余的骨头埋起来 just as he would in the wild.
但他相当机智的发现了有人在尾随他... But he's smart enough to know he's being watched...
因此他躲到了我们看不见的地方... ..and chooses somewhere out of sight.
储藏食物在狼群中很常见 Caching food is common among wolves
这能保证他们在食物匮乏之时不至于饥肠辘辘 as they hedge their bets against leaner times.
他们记下掩埋点 肚子饿的时候再挖出来 They remember their hideaways, and return to them when hungry.
但是狗狗却很少取回他们埋下的宝藏 But dogs rarely retrieve their buried treasures,
这跟骨头基本没有重见天日的机会了= = （汪星人你确定要在你主人的院子里这么乱来么...） and this one won't ever get the chance!
在我们的世界里 荒野与都市是如此混杂 In our world, the wild and the domestic are so mixed up,
狗狗因此会犯一些低级错误 dogs often make some fundamental errors.
即使是在错误的地方埋下骨头 Burying bones, even in the wrong place,
但狗狗们还是乐在其中 （汪星人确实很快乐= =但我也能想象得到他主人炸毛的场景） is one of a dog's favourite natural pastimes.
但是衔棍子是他们更爱的活动 But carrying sticks is even more popular.
在野外 他们总是为孩子们衔回食物 In the wild, they bring food back to their young,
因此 叼东西的习性依旧存在 and the instinct to carry is still there.
现在 他们甚至会去水中叼回棍子 这只是为了好玩 Now, they even retrieve sticks from water just for the fun of it.
当狗狗从水中出来的时候 我们就应该跑远一点了 Once out, human companions need to move away fast.
这简单的一甩 可以甩掉70％的水 In a single shake, he can lose 70% of the water.
但他必须更快的转动他的身体把水从他的毛上甩下去 But he must rotate his body fast enough to fling it from his fur.
晃动从头开始 但能一直传播到身体 Shaking starts at his head, but the energy wave travels down his body.
晃动方向的改变使水从毛上飞落 His skin and fur whip the water away as the shake changes direction.
转动的力度能使毛尖端的方向改变70多次 The force at the hair tips can reach 70 times that of gravity.
想要把毛彻底甩干 Small dogs must shake faster than larger dogs
小型犬就必须比大型犬甩得更快 to achieve the same spin-dry result.
这时候你站在边上就等着全身湿透吧 Stand nearby and you're in for a soaking!
但不仅仅是狗狗能弄出一团糟 It's not just dogs that can make a mess.
把一只公兔子放进新笼子的时候 也最好躲远点 Place a buck rabbit in a new cage, and it's best to stand well back.
他会到处撒尿留下气味 以此来让自己融入新的环境 He makes himself at home by spraying his scent everywhere.
他也会用脸部的腺体留下气味 He also scent-marks with his cheek glands
或是通过抓挠留下气味 and spreads his aroma by digging.
他的这种行为在野外也讲得通了 His actions make perfect sense among wild-living rabbits.
在日本的兔岛上 On Rabbit Island in Japan,
兔子们过着接近自然的生活 feral pet rabbits live a near-natural life
他们与游客只有一步之遥 a whisker away from human visitors.
同样的气味标记法也在这里上演 The same scent-marking behaviour goes on here.
任何出现在此处的新事物都会被立即标记上气味 Any strange new objects are immediately marked
这样就变得熟悉起来 so they become familiar.
雄性在争夺雌性爱慕的时候也会撒上气味 Males spray females as they compete with other males.
但是几个回合下来 他们都在为自己而战 But, with so much competition, it's every buck for himself.
打斗进入白热化 - 他们不再是往日萌萌哒兔宝宝了 Fights get quite heated - they're not such cuddly bunnies now.
但作为胜利者 终将有机会接近雌性 But the winners get the chance to mate.
但他们还是得花时间去追求雌兔 Even though some need time to get the hang of it!
交配完成后 雌兔就会去准备小窝 After mating, the doe prepares the nest,
到处寻找一些柔软的草垫 gathering bedding from wherever she can.
但想要得到更好的里衬 她都不需要费心寻找 But, for the very best nest lining, she needn't look far.
毛绒毯子就是极好的 Nothing beats a blanket of fur.
宠物们一旦有机会接触自然 Any pet given the chance to live naturally
就会很快的展现出自己的才能 soon expresses their wild instincts.
日本猫岛上的喵星人们就过着半野生的生活 Cats on this Japanese island live a semi-wild existence,
但他们比野生环境中的数量要多得多 but in higher numbers than ever found in the wild.
一只野生公猫的领地上应该只有几只母猫 A wild tomcat has just a few females in his territory,
但是现在 猫咪们为了抢到渔民留下的食物都聚集到了一起 but here, cats are forced together as they scavenge from fishermen.
他们在这种不可避免的争端中 They use their full repertoire of catcalls
运用上了各种争抢手段 during the inevitable squabbles.
「小样 别惹毛你猫爷爷」 HISSING
他们有上百种的叫声 有的是如此的精妙 They make over 100 sounds in all, some subtle -
但有的却不尽如人意 some not so subtle!
当他们在争抢食物的时候 As they scuffle over feeding rights,
小猫们总是因为不占优势而被赶得远远的 young cats are at a disadvantage and are often chased away.
喵咪们不喜欢分享食物 Cats don't expect to share their food.
在野外 他们独立狩猎 猎物都是他们自己独享 In nature they hunt alone, and what they catch is theirs.
这只小猫想要碰碰运气 说明他们有可能是亲戚 This kitten is allowed to push her luck so she may be a young relative.
但猫们却很少愿意放弃食物 But cats seldom give up a meal.
大多数猫都想找个安静的地方静静享用美食 Most look for a secluded spot away from competitors,
但却总是事与愿违 but they're rarely left alone.
嘘的一声 大家都明白这是什么意思 A hiss is universally understood,
喵星人很清楚自己的社会等级 but cats also know where they are in the social order.
「嘿 说你呢 吃什么呢」 IT HISSES
小猫或许也想嘘几声支走抢食的猫 但在猫的社会等级中 年龄代表了一切 A kitten may hiss all he likes, but in cat society, age comes first.
喵星人也会留下气味信息 Cats also leave scent messages.
公猫们会在关键地点留下强烈的气味 Males spray a pungent note on key landmarks
以便来向来访者宣告领地 to announce their presence.
他们也用其他的气味来标记 They use other scent marks too.
脸上的腺体有着一种特殊的气味 Glands on the cheeks deposit a unique personal odour.
他们也会为朋友们标记上气味 - They also mark those they regard as friends -
就像宠物猫们在主人脚边蹭来蹭去那样 just as pet cats rub scent on the legs of human owners.
抓挠还会从脚部的腺体中释放出更多的气味 Scratching applies yet more scent from glands on their feet.
但是有些猫却不太喜欢确立领地 But some cats prefer not to announce their presence -
经驯服的猫就会掩盖起他们的气味 submissive cats bury the smelly evidence,
就像他们在便盆里做的一样 just as they do in a litter tray.
在我们家中 喵星人会通过掩盖便便 In our homes, cats show their subservience to us
来展示他的顺从 by hiding their deposits.
但很少有猫咪能做得如此完美 Although few take it to this extreme!
这种蹲坑技术喵星人自学成才 This cat taught himself the technique.
但愿他也能学会怎么冲马桶 If only he could learn to pull the flush!
当没有猫砂来掩盖气味的时候 他也会不由自主的做一些动作 With no litter to cover his tracks, he does what comes naturally -
小爪子挠来挠去就像在拨土一样 make the scratching movements that would normally bury his smell.
不论气味是被掩盖还是释放出来 Whether scents are concealed or openly flaunted,
大多数所有的宠物都会利用气味来交流 most pets use odours to communicate.
但是没有任何宠物能像汪星人那样利用气味的 But no-one uses smell messaging quite like dogs.
在秘鲁的库斯科 宠物狗们被允许自由地上街到处游逛 In Cuzco, Peru, pet dogs are allowed to roam the streets at will,
他们仅仅通过鼻子 and can work out what every other city dog is up to
就能知道其他狗狗在做什么 using their noses.
灯柱对于任何一只狗狗来说都是极具诱惑力的 Lampposts are irresistible for any dog,
但这种气味标记的就相当复杂精妙 but this scent-marking is surprisingly sophisticated.
它们就像城市中的标签一样 They act like notes posted around the city,
而且狗狗们还能憋尿 and dogs deliberately save up their pee
这样他们有足够的尿液在整个城市中留下气味 to ensure there's enough to go round.
这些信息展示了他们的身份 These messages show who they are and, by the rate the smell decays,
通过气味消散程度就能得知他们何时来过 how recently they've visited.
狗狗们到处覆盖别的狗的气味 Dogs travelling together over-mark each other's scent
以此来宣告自己的生活圈 to advertise the size of their pack.
这能让每只狗狗都知道别狗的动向 It allows everyone to keep tabs on the whereabouts of everyone else.
能尿到更高的地方就可以避免被别的气味覆盖 往往能占有支配地位 Dogs that spray higher are more dominant and best avoided.
但大多数都能很快就成为朋友 But plenty are immediately recognised as friends.
在这美妙的邂逅中 In these playful encounters, they associate the dogs they meet
狗狗们往往会联想起那些似曾相识的气味 with the scent marks they've come across.
除开气味 在这大城市中 他们还有其他交朋友的办法 Besides scent, there are other ways to find your mates in a big city.
一只狂吠的狗狗能让空气以100mph的速度穿过他们的声带 A barking dog forces air through his vocal cords at over 100mph.
这叫声能超过110分贝 The sound can exceed 110 decibels...
比飞过的喷气式飞机都响 ..louder than a passing jet.
狼很少嚎叫 Wolves rarely bark,
因此这种交流方式是在驯化中产生的 so this way of communicating is a product of domestication.
而且狗狗会发出各种各样复杂的叫声 And dogs produce a complex variety of barks.
四五声急促的叫声是集会的信号 A rapid string of four to five barks is a rallying call.
听到其他狗狗的叫声能让他们热血沸腾 Hearing another dog bark increases their heart rate, ready for action.
消息传递出去不会花太多时间 It doesn't take long for the message to get around.
当他们相遇后 狗叫声此起彼伏 Once they find each other, barking appears contagious.
一两声短促高昂的叫声 是用来打招呼的 One or two short, high-pitched barks are used to greet a friend.
但更多的是 低沉的呜咽 预示着对陌生来客的警觉 More continuous, lower-pitched barks alert the pack to a stranger.
当交流结束的时候 大战一触即发 When the talking's over, fights can break out.
这看起来貌似很严重 但这种小争吵只是秀秀架势 It may look serious, but these skirmishes are mostly for show
很少会有流血事件 and rarely lead to bloodshed.
通常他们的嚎叫显得比撕咬来的更糟 Their bark really is worse than their bite.
我们对于狗狗隐藏能力的探索才刚刚开始 We have only just begun to decipher the dog's hidden messages.
但是在库斯科的狗狗 But, using all their complex signals,
利用了这种复杂的信号在我们人类城市中创造出了一个平行世界 the dogs of Cuzco have created a parallel world in a human city -
一个只有他们懂的世界 one known only to them.
不论贵贱美丑 Mutt or pampered pet, street fighter or stray,
狗狗们都会利用他们的自然能力 the dogs use their natural abilities
去区分出他们的不同 与他们和平共处 to sort out their differences and find ways to get along.
它们生活在一个秘密交流的世界 They live in a secret world of communication,
即使是这样 当暮色四合时 他们大部分都会回到家中 even though, at the end of the day, most have human homes to return to.
群居的要领就是交流 Living together is all about communication,
对于马来说 没有交流的群里生活是不现实的 and for horses, herd life would be impossible without it.
在法国的卡玛格 半野生的马的行为 In the Camargue in France, the behaviour of semi-wild horses
为我们展示了能与人类朝夕相处的原因 shows why they make such perfect human companions.
一只领头母马带领着一群母马和她们的后代 A dominant mare leads a herd of several females and their offspring.
他们十分愿意被领导 This willingness to be led
这也正是他们会听从我们指示的原因 is the reason a horse responds so readily to our bidding.
领头母马带领着他们来到了一个沙浴场 - The lead mare takes them to a dust-bathing spot -
这是他们每日生活的重要部分 an important part of their daily routine.
头领先打滚 The leader rolls first.
当他们是小马驹的时候就学会了 As foals, they learnt that there's a strict order
即使是再简单的事也得遵守规则 to even the simplest activity.
被捕食者总是需要有放哨的 Prey animals always need someone on watch.
公马承担着保护马群的责任 他们永远是最后滚的 The stallion's role is to protect the herd, and he always rolls last.
领头母马是因为她的年龄和阅历才得到这地位的 - The lead mare gains her position through age and experience -
找到上好的食物和水源是她的职责之一 finding the best food and water is one of her many responsibilities.
她总是用她的耳朵 持续不断的和马群取得联系 She continually communicates with the herd, mostly using her ears.
她总是把耳朵指向她要辨认的马 They point towards a horse she's trying to identify,
但她也会利用耳朵的方位来抒发自己的情感 but she also uses the position of her ears to convey her feelings.
每只耳朵由16块肌肉控制 16 muscles control each ear,
这样就能传达出微妙的变化 allowing subtle changes of expression.
如果它们猛地放下 说明她很轻松很开心 If they're flopped down, it means she's relaxed and happy.
当她对某事感兴趣时 她就会把耳朵指向前方 When she's interested in something, she pricks them forward.
当她把耳朵收回来的时候 预示着她心情烦躁 And she pins them back when she's annoyed.
如果她的这个动作没有得到回应 她就会跟上去指责他 If that doesn't produce the required reaction, she follows with a charge.
只需一个收耳的动作 Just pinning back the ears
就能让整个马群动起来 is usually enough to get the herd moving.
和用耳朵定位方向一样 As well as responding to ear positions,
马在肢体接触上也相当敏感 horses are very sensitive to each other's touch,
他们也会做出一些相当细微的回应 人类当然感受不到 and react to pressures too light for humans to feel.
骑手们往往会利用这种灵敏感 Riders tap into this sensitivity,
把脚跟紧紧贴在腹侧 或是细微的位置变化 by a heel pressed against a side, or minute changes of position.
尽管马有这么多的交流方式 Although horses communicate in so many different ways,
马群的核心依旧是他们友谊的纽带 it's friendship bonds that lie at the heart of the herd.
互相吹鼻子 And the very best friends show their affection
是他们表达友谊的最好方式 by blowing in each other's noses.
年轻种马甚至会在朋友之间练习搏斗技巧 Young stallions even practise their fighting moves on a friend.
这是一种安全的训练方式 It's a chance to safely try out techniques
为有朝一日的应用做着准备 that one day will be used in earnest.
但对于现在来说 他们是最好的朋友 But, for now, they're the best of buddies.
和我们所有的动物朋友一样 Like all our animal companions,
马拥有着惊人的野性本能 horses possess extraordinary wild abilities.
但我们所有的宠物们都有各自的特殊技巧 But all our pets are special in their own unique way.
他们有自己的方法来与我们相处 成为我们的家人 They find a way to live alongside us, as part of the family,
但他们完完全全属于另一个世界 but in a very different world.
无论是玩乐 Whether in play,
还是惊人的感官 or through incredible senses,
他们的内心 永远隐藏着不变的狂野 they will always be wild at heart.